Heap leaching – Bare Projector Lamps Manufacturer – Projector Lens
Process
The mined ore is crushed into small chunks and heaped on an impermeable plastic and/or clay lined leach pad where it can be irrigated with a leach solution to dissolve the valuable metals. Either sprinklers, or often drip irrigation, are used to minimize evaporation. The solution then percolates through the heap and leaches out the precious metal. This can take several weeks. The leach solution containing the dissolved metals is then collected.
Precious metals method
The crushed ore is irrigated with a dilute cyanide solution. The solution percolates through the heap and leaches out the precious metal. This can take several weeks.
The solution containing the precious metals (“pregnant solution”) continues percolating through the crushed ore until it reaches the liner at the bottom of the heap where it drains into a storage (pregnant solution) pond. After separating the precious metals from the pregnant solution, the dilute cyanide solution (now called “barren solution”) is normally re-used in the heap-leach-process or occasionally sent to an industrial water treatment facility where the residual cyanide is treated and residual metals are removed. The water is then discharged to the environment, posing possible water pollution.[citation needed]
The production of one gold ring, through this method, generated 20 tons of waste material.
During the extraction phase, the gold ions form complex ions with the cyanide:
Recuperation of the gold is readily achieved with a redox-reaction:
Copper method
The method is similar to the cyanide method, above, except sulfuric acid is used to dissolve copper from its ores. The acid is recycled from the solvent extraction circuit (see solvent extraction-electrowinning, SX/EW) and reused on the leach pad. A byproduct is iron(II) sulfate, jarosite, which is produced as a byproduct of leaching pyrite, and sometimes even the same sulfuric acid that is needed for the process.
Although the heap leaching is a low cost-process, it normally has recovery rates of 60-70%, although there are exceptions. It is normally most profitable with low-grade ores. Higher-grade ores are usually put through more complex milling processes where higher recoveries justify the extra cost. The process chosen depends on the properties of the ore.
Sulfuric acid heap leaching of nickel
The method is an acid heap leaching method like that of the copper method in that it utilises sulfuric acid instead of cyanide solution to dissolve the target minerals from crushed ore. The method has been developed by European Nickel PLC for the rock laterite deposits of Turkey and the Balkans.
References
^ Industrial England in the Middle of the Eighteenth Century, Nature, Vol, 83, No. 2113, Thursday, April 28, 1910; page 267.
^ Gage B. & G. 2008. American Outrage. USA: Human Rights Watch.
See also
Gold cyanidation
Gold extraction
In-situ leach
Tailings
Mineral processing
External links
Heap leaching into groundwater is a major health concern from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute school of engineering
European Nickel PLC official website
USGS 2005 Minerals Yearbook – Nickel
Categories: Metallurgical processesHidden categories: All articles with unsourced statements | Articles with unsourced statements from March 2008
About the Author
I am an expert from replacement-projectorlamp.com, while we provides the quality product, such as Bare Projector Lamps Manufacturer , Projector Lens, Replacement projector lamp,and more.
bare bulb replacement video for the Anders and Kern X220 Projector
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR OPTOMA SP.83C01GC01 BARE LAMP $105.59 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR MITSUBISHI S250 S290 X250 X290 X300 X300U VLT-X300LP BARE $102.84 |
|
|
NEW OSRAM P-VIP 150-180/1.0 E20.6n projector bare lamp bulb $129.16 |
|
|
Sony Projector Bare Lamp LMP-F250 VPL-FX50 VPL-FE110 $118.45 |
|
|
FOR TOSHIBA PROJECTOR LAMP TLP-LW9 TLPLW9 TLP-T95 TLP-T95U TLP-TW95 BARE LAMP $105.04 |
|
|
For Optoma Projector Lamp EP747; EP7475; EP7477; EP7479; DX608 BL-FP230A; BARE $105.25 |
|
|
Dell 1200MP DLP Projector – working, no remote w/Barely Used 0WF137 lamp $200.00 |
|
|
DELL Projector replacement Lamp bulb 2400MP 310-7578 NEW original *bare bulb $119.95 |
|
|
Vivitek projector Lamp H1080FD HD1080FD *Original Osram bare bulb $154.95 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For BENQ MP515 5J.J0A05.001 -B $119.99 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For BENQ MP730 5J.08G01.001 -B $119.99 |
|
|
ACER XD1150P XD1150D EC.J3901.001 projector bare lamp bulb $129.05 |
|
|
Barely Used POALMP39 Projector Lamp for Sanyo PLCXF30 $80.00 |
|
|
OPTOMA BL-FU200C SP.86J01GC01 CP705 projector bare lamp Bulb $129.05 |
|
|
FIT FOR OPTOMA DS302 DS303 DS603 DX602 DX603 EP706 projector bare lamp $129.05 |
|
|
OPTOMA DX733 EP719H SP.85R01GC01 projector bare lamp bulb $129.05 |
|
|
Projector Bare Bulb ELPLP66 V13H010L66 for EPSON MovieMate 85HD $119.99 |
|
|
Projector Bare Bulb ELPLP40/V13H010L40 for EPSON EB-1825/1810 EMP-1810/1815/1825 $119.99 |
|
|
Projector Bare Bulb ELPLP47 / V13H010L47 for EPSON EB-G5100 EB-G5150 $119.99 |
|
|
Projector Lamp For BENQ SP820 CS.5J0DJ.001 BARE LAMP $111.13 |
|
|
Hitachi projector bare lamp CP-X206 $87.98 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR SHARP PG-MB65 PG-MB66X PG-MB65XL BARE LAMP $105.43 |
|
|
HP PROJECTOR BARE LAMP L1624A VP6100 $95.00 |
|
|
INFOCUS PROJECTOR BARE LAMP LP530 LP500 SP-LAMP-LP5F $97.97 |
|
|
FOR SHARP AN-D400LP PG-D3750W PG-D45X3D PROJECTOR BARE LAMP BULB $149.99 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR TOSHIBA TLP671U TLP451U TLP651U TLPL6 BARE LAMP $75.34 |
|
|
NEW RUNCO Projector Lamp VX1000ci VX-1000ci bare $257.81 |
|
|
PROJECTOR BARE LAMP FOR EPSON EMP-63 EMP-76C $74.45 |
|
|
BENQ CS.5J0DJ.001 SP820 projector bare lamp bulb only $147.28 |
|
|
FOR MITSUBISHI VLT-EX240LP projector bare lamp for ES200U EW230U-ST $125.24 |
|
|
SANYO PROJECTOR LAMP PLC-SE15 PLC-SL15 POA-LMP53 BARE $104.44 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp for NEC NP60 NP03LP-B $130.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp for NEC NP02LP NP60 N03-B $130.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT45LP VT45 VT45K N45-B $139.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT45LP VT45KG N45-B $139.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT46 VT460K VT465 VT60LP-B $125.00 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT475 VT560 VT660 VT60LP-B $125.00 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT560 VT660K VT60LP-B $125.00 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp for NEC VT470 VT670 VT676 VT75LP -B $126.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp for NEC LT280 LT380 VT75LP -B $126.01 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT480 VT490 VT491 VT85LP -B $119.00 |
|
|
Projector Bare Lamp For NEC VT480 VT595 VT85LP -B $119.00 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR HITACHI CP-S240 CP-S245 CP-X250 CP-X251 DT00731 BARE LAMP $84.19 |
|
|
PROJECTOR BARE LAMP ELPLP34 for EMP62 EMP82 EMP-X3 $145.00 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR MITSUBISHI VLT-XD205LP SD205U XD205U BARE LAMP $104.35 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR EPSON POWERLITE HOME 10 10+ BARE LAMP $94.64 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR EPSON V13H010L39 BARE $72.00 |
|
|
PROJECTOR LAMP FOR EPSON V11H244020; V11H245020MB; V11H289020 BARE LAMP $77.99 |
|
|
Dedolight 12 Volt, 100 Watt Quartz Halogen Lamp for Standard Tungsten Heads. $3.15 Product Information Osram 69440 Original Bare Lamp Replacement Northstar AV sells the highest quality OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) Lamps – Philips, Osram/Sylvania, Phoenix SHP & Ushio brand bare lamps. We DO NOT sell generic or compatible replacement lamps. Shipping Method: Free Shipping by UPS Ground Note: This lamp is intended to be used with your existing housing. Only purchase this it… |
|
|
ZENITH 6912V00006A 6912V00006C Replacement Lamp for Zenith / LG TV $48.02 Compatible with ZENITH E44W48LCD, M52W56LCD, D52WLCD, D60WLCD, E44W46LCD, RU44SZ80L, RU48SZ40, RU60SZ30LCD… |
|
|
Osram Sylvania P-VIP 100-120/1.0 P22h Original Bare Lamp Replacement $112.95 USE PART # 69458P-VIP 100-120/1.0 P22h Original Bare Lamp ReplacementThis lamp is intended to be used with your existing housing. Only purchase this item if you are comfortable installing the lamp yourself.-Projector Lamp Model: P-VIP 100-120/1.0 P22h-Condition: New-Lamp Manufacturer: Osram-Lamp Model: P-VIP 100-120/1.0 P22h-Average Lamp Hours: 2000-3000 Hours-Wattage: 100-120 Watt… |
|
|
Osram Sylvania 69491 Original Bare Lamp Replacement $166.00 69491 Original Bare Lamp ReplacementThis lamp is intended to be used with your existing housing. Only purchase this item if you are comfortable installing the lamp yourself. -Projector Lamp Model: 69491-Condition: New-Lamp Manufacturer: Osram-Lamp Model: P-VIP 200/1.0 P21.5-Average Lamp Hours: 2000-3000 Hours-Wattage: 150 Watt… |
|
|
Osram Sylvania 69492 Original Bare Lamp Replacement $165.95 69492 Original Bare Lamp ReplacementThis lamp is intended to be used with your existing housing. Only purchase this item if you are comfortable installing the lamp yourself. -Projector Lamp Model: 69492-Condition: New-Lamp Manufacturer: Osram-Lamp Model: P-VIP 180-230/1.0 E17.5u-Average Lamp Hours: 2000-3000 Hours-Wattage: 200 Watt… |
|
|
ZENITH 6912B22007B Philips Bulb $89.00 THESE ARE THE SAME OEM LAMPS INSTALLED BY THE FACTORY. CHANGING THE LAMP TAKES MINUTES AND IS ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY AS THE CAGE CAN BE RE-USED INDEFINITELY.ZENITH 6912B22007BThis bulb Fits the following TV models52SX4D62SX4DZ44SZ80Z52SZ8052SZ8R (LG)3 Month Exchange Warranty on the bulbBulb is rated for 6000 HrsThis is an OEM bulb made by Philips… |
|
|
New VONNIC Accessory K1068 Connector BNC M To BNC F 5PK Bare 1 Year Warranty Popular High Quality $30.58 Reminder: CPU, Memory, Systems, Notebooks, and Software products are not returnable for Credit. A 15 days from date of invoice; during first 7 days no restocking fee will be charged in most cases, provided item(s) are returned as new, unopened, complete and in re-sellable condition. After 7 days a 15% restocking fee will apply. The customer can have a replacement of items purchased during first… |
|
|
VONNIC Accessory K1098 Connector BNC F To RCA F 5PK Bare Popular High Quality Practical New $30.58 CPU, Memory, Systems, Notebooks, and Software products are not returnable for Credit.Condition and terms A 15 days from date of invoice; during first 7 days no restocking fee will be charged in most cases, provided item(s) are returned as new, unopened, complete and in re-sellable condition.After 7 days a 15% restocking fee will apply.The customer can have a replacement of items purchased during f… |
|
|
Bare $5.99 Bare |
|
|
Projector $8.99 Projector |
|
|
With Bare Hands $12.49 With Bare Hands |
|
|
Bare Bones $11.49 Bare Bones |
|
|
Naked And Bare $10.49 Naked And Bare |
|
|
Bare Knuckle $11.49 Bare Knuckle |
|
|
Bare Trees $6.49 Bare Trees |
|
|
On the Bare $7.48 No Synopsis Available |